India has long been an education hub for students from its neighbourhood. Besides economic benefits, India’s capacity to attract…

A generalization and the widespread use of foreign currency in North Korea is called dollarization. Opinions are mixed over the…

More than 25 years into the implementation of the Local Government Code of 1991, it is inconclusive whether fiscal decentralization…

The study analyzes the efficiency implications of fiscal decentralization using stochastic frontier analysis (SFA). It uses LGU health…

The Performance Challenge Fund (PCF), established by the DILG in 2010, is a performance-based incentive program that gives financial…

Despite almost three decades of Philippine decentralization, local governments continue experience varied levels of development and face…

The Community-Based Monitoring System (CBMS) is a data collection system designed to methodically process and integrate local government…

In Roman literature, the word ‘black swan’ was used as metaphor to express impossibility as it was perceived that swans were always…

The ongoing COVID-19 outbreak has exposed the fragility of labour markets around the world. It might be the world’s biggest emergency in…

ASEAN FOCUS is a bimonthly publication providing concise analyses and perspectives on ASEAN matters.